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THE CHAKANA .-
Ancestral Andean symbol of our pre-Hispanic culture.
The most cited reference to the square cross, Andean cross, chakana cross (or chakana) is that of the Aymara chronicler Juan de Santa Cruz Pachacuti Yanqui Salcamayhua in his work Chronicle of the Antiquities of the Kingdom of Peru (1613).
In the diagram he made of the Coricancha temple — widely used in anthropological studies on Andean cosmology — the constellation of the Cross (known as the Southern Cross in Western culture) is observed, which he called "chakana".
This is currently translated as "bridge" or "stairway": it is believed to be the stairway that connects the upper world and the earthly world.
THE CROSS OF CHRISTIANITY.-
The Gospel of Christ symbolized in the "baroque" CROSS, in red — reminding us of the blood of the Lamb, the Son of God, shed for our salvation.
It was at the beginning of the 16th century that the Jesuits coined the word "mission," which over time acquired a triple meaning — personal, operational and territorial — so that Jesuits receive a personal "sending" that leads them to carry out a task in service of spreading the faith in a particular territory.
During the Middle Ages, the term missio or "mission" only meant "effort, care, expense." To describe the Church's task of spreading the faith, expressions like conversio infidelium (conversion of the infidels) were used.
